ST. PAUL TALKS ABOUT SALVATION AND SUFFERINGS 1. Opening salutationv. 1 2. God’s act of salvation: First: The love of the Trinity to us.v. 2 Second: God’s new giftsv. 3-5 3. Our stand toward salvation First: Faith, hope, lovev. 6- 12 Second: Strife and workv. 13-25 4. Meditating in the greatness of the salvation 1. OPENING SALUTATION: “Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the pilgrims of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia” (v. 1). Peter is the name by which the Lord called him. (John 1:42). In Syrian, he is called Cephas which means “a rock,” referring to the strength of his faith with which he proclaimed the Lord Jesus. “The apostle of Jesus Christ,” here he calls himself apostle, that is, one of the twelve and not the chief or primary. “To the pilgrims of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia...” We have previously mentioned about these countries. Here he addresses them as pilgrims. This corresponds with the spirit of the epistle being directed towards suffering people. This pilgrimage is not soley based on the shortness of temporal life, but rather on that which is much better, our belonging to the kingdom of the heavenly Christ. As St. Paul said, “Our citizenship is in heaven.” (Phil. 3:20) The source of the feeling of being pilgrims is not pessimism, 7 but rather a cheerful outlook, a focus toward heavenly matters. This is our foundation for enduring sufferings with patience and rejecting earthly matters. Moreover, it is the foundation of all our spiritual life. St. John Climacus1 defined being pilgrims as: “Being pilgrims means forsaking all temporal matters on earth which hinder achieving our goal in the spiritual life. Pilgrimage is a humble behavior, hidden wisdom... knowledge about which most people do not know... hidden life... unseen goal... invisible meditation... longing for humility...desire for suffering... permanent determination on God’s love, abundant blessings... rejecting vain glory... deep silence.” Hence, pilgrimage is carrying the human soul, with all of our energy, to cross over sufferings and tribulations for the love of the Holy Trinity. 2. GOD’S WORK IN SALVATION First: The love of the Holy Trinity to us: Since all of the epistle is centered on the sufferings in the life of the believer, it was necessary for St. Peter to start with the topic of “Salvation,” which the Holy Trinity offers to us with an indescribable love for us. Discovering God’s sacrificing love, is the incentive behind one’s enduring sufferings with thanksgiving. Therefore, St. Peter talks about: 1. The Father’s love declared in His choice of man. 2. The love of the Holy Spirit declared in our sanctification by obedience. 3. The love of the Son declared on the Cross. 1The Ladder 3: 1 8 The Father choosing us: “elect, according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ” (v. 2). 9 1. God declared His love to us by choosing us for the kingdom: The fanatic Jew misunderstood this choice, for they thought that God is prejudiced toward a specific people or race (ie through circumcision). Therefore, the apostle, concerning circumcision, had to talk about the Father choosing us, for he clarified that the choice is based on the “foreknowledge of God the Father.” This foreknowledge is different from the will, for His will is that everyone is saved, but due to His foreknowledge, He knows who are the ones who will accept, believe and abide in Him. As St. Paul said, “For whom He fore knew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son...” (Rom. 8:29). On the cross, the Son opened His arms declaring the Father’s calling to the entire human race. However, the Father knows who are the ones who follow Him and abide in His commandments, as the Son knows His sheep (John 10:14). St. Peter here calls the believers “the chosen.” St. Augustine comments that not all the believers abide till the end, but the chosen are among the believers. The choice here is not depriving one from his freedom, but is the “sanctification of the Spirit for obedience,” that is, submission to the work of the Spirit of the Lord in obedience. St. Augustine tackled this subject by saying2: “St. Paul said to Philemon, ‘Whom I wished to keep with me, that on your behalf he might minister to me in my chains for the gospel, but without your consent I wanted to do nothing, that your good deed might not be by compulsion, as it were, but voluntary’ “(Phil.1:13,14) “‘See, I have set before you today life and good, death and evil... I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore choose life, that both you and 2 Aug. Man’s perfection in Righteousness 19 10 your descendants may live’” (Deut. 30:15,19). Also in the Book of Sirach, “ It was he who created man in the beginning, and he left him in the power of his own inclination. If you will, you can keep the commandments, and to act faithfully is a matter of your own choice. He has placed before you fire and water; stretch out your hand for whichever you wish. Before a man are life and death, and whichever he chooses will be given to him” (Sirach 15:14-17). Also, in the book of Isaiah: “’If you are willing and obedient, you shall eat the good of the land. But if you refuse and rebel, you shall be devoured by the sword’” (Is. 1:19, 20). We cannot reach the end without our will being involved, and we cannot achieve our goal unless we receive Divine help. 2. Sanctification of the Spirit for obedience: The Father loves us and, He chose us for Himself. The Holy Spirit loves us with the same love of the Father, for He is the Spirit of the Father and, His work is to sanctify us for obedience. Man cannot sanctify himself nor can he struggle by himself; that is why God granted us the Holy Spirit to help us. In the sacraments of baptism and confirmation, the Holy Spirit lives inside us and we become His own. In the sacraments of penance and confession, our sins are forgiven, and in the sacrament of the Eucharist, we abide in Him. The Spirit offers us works of righteousness from love, joy, peace, and meekness. The Spirit sanctifies us and helps us for obedience and perseverance3. 3.” And sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ”: God’s love in choosing and sanctifying us made Him pay a high price. The blood of the Lord Jesus acting as an offering for our sins, a cure for our ailments and a covenant for His fellowship! In 3 Refer to the “Divine Love”, chapter of “God my Sanctifier”, p. 801-1044. 11 front of this sacrificing love, we are ashamed to complain from any tribulation nor grumble from any suffering nor fear death! “Grace to you and peace be multiplied.” Since He granted us the Divine capability as He paid the price and granted us His Spirit, the Helper in our struggle, He overflows His grace and peace. 1. Grace: His free gifts and Divine blessings fill the heart with peace. 2. Peace: It depends on the grace of God. When one realizes his reconciliation with God, this is the source of peace and happiness. Thus one is infatuated with the fellowship in God’s love and is elevated above all sufferings. This fellowship reflects our peace to others, even the troubled. Because we are strong and steadfast on the inside, the outside is does not see us worried4. Second: God’s New Gifts St. Peter writes about the greatness of God’s free gifts which we receive through the merit of the Blood: “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ who according to His abundant mercy has begotten us again...” (v.3). Glory is to You O our Father, for You have offered us the most precious gift through Your abundant mercy. You have granted us new birth through baptism! All our worship is built upon this birth, for You have granted us: 1. New Birth: We were removed from the old olive tree and were grafted in the new olive tree (Rom. 11:24). Our old man is crucified and we are granted a new creation (2 Cor. 5:17). “Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to His mercy, He saved us, through the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit” (Tit.3:5). St. Didymus the Blind said, “When we are submerged in the baptismal font because of the goodness of God the Father and the grace of the Holy 4 Refer to interpretation 2 John 3 12 Spirit, we are washed from our sins. And are renewed from the old man, and are sealed by His power to be His own. When we come out of the baptismal font, we put on Christ our Savior as a new garment worthy of the honor of the Holy Spirit who renewed us and sealed us5.” 2. New Hope: “To a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead” (v. 3). In the Old Testament every one was concentrating on the Promised Land and temporal blessings as a symbol for the Heavenly Jerusalem and the eternal blessings. However, now after the new birth from the Heavenly Father and the heavenly mother (the Church), it is not appropriate for us to have hope in the earthly matters. This new hope is based on the he resurrection of the Lord, for we, as members in His Body, take off all temporal hope and look upward for a living hope toward an eternal inheritance. It is a living hope because it springs from a living heart continuously overflowing with a life of never ending love! 3. Eternal inheritance: The one born of the flesh expects a material inheritance, however, the one born of the spirit longs for a spiritual inheritance. “And if children, then heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ...” (Rom. 8:17). What are the features of this spiritual inheritance? a.” To an inheritance incorruptible”: for it is not an earthly inheritance but rather heavenly. b.” And undefiled”: for it differs from an earthly inheritance that it can be taken by force or through robbery; however, evil spending may cause it to be lost. c.” And that does not fade away”: for its beauty and splendor will never fade away. d.” Reserved in heaven for you:” for this is the subject of God’s’ care and protection; therefore, we should never despair for God has prepared 5 Divine Love p. 852. 13 heaven for us in spite of all our misconduct. St. John Chrysostom said: “Look how our nature was demeaned then elevated! For one could never be lowered more than what he had been, nor be risen more than where Christ was and raised us with Him. Today is the day where the Lord has risen and our nature has risen above all creation!6” 4. New Power: “Who are kept by the power of God through faith for salvation ready to be revealed in the last time” (v. 5). The divine hand which protects the inheritance also protects us, who are expecting the inheritance, because it offers us the possibility to be sanctified for the heavenly wedding which is declared for the Great Day. 3. OUR STAND TOWARD THE SALVATION God offers us the means for us to achieve salvation; however, we will not enjoy salvation unless we actively participate via our own will. Our participation does not discount God’s act of salvation, deny His freely given gift, nor drive us to self-righteousness. Eventhough faith, hope, love, and works are essential for our salvation, they are not by our own power, but are gifts that God offers to those who struggle and are built on the merit of the Blood of Christ. First: Faith, hope, love There is no justification without faith, hope and love (to be precise deeds of love). We cannot benefit from God’s mighty deeds for our salvation without faith, hope and love. What is our obligation, then? 1. Faith: “In this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while, if need be, you have been grieved by various trials that the genuineness of your faith, being 6 Divine Love, p. 737 –740. 14 much more precious than gold that perishes though it is tested by fire...” (v.6 & 7). St. Peter talks about our duty toward salvation. He asks us for practical faith. 2. Life full of joy: Faith in the Lord brings a joy that cannot be diminished by sufferings, temptations, nor any other circumstances. Let us rejoice with our mother the Virgin St. Mary saying, “My soul rejoices in God my Savior.” And let us sing with King David as he repented, “Restore to me the joy of Your salvation.” 3.Life full of temptations: “You have been grieved by various trials.” In other words, trials are obligatory in the life of the believer. Through trials, we share with the Suffering Lord. The believer is exposed to various trials carrying the cross with the Lord Jesus, like Simeon of Cyrene. In reality these trials are few because no matter how long we live on earth, it is nothing compared to eternity. From the divine grace of God, endurance purifies our faith even-though we receive it through strife. Our endurance does not nullify that salvation is free and that it grants us God’s blessing. 4.Hope: “May be found to praise, honor, and glory at the revelation of Jesus Christ” (v. 7). Hope supports the believer in tribulations because it lifts up his eyes to the Great Day of the Lord. a. Praise: from God for his patience and endurance till the end. “ b. Honor: in front of his brothers sharing with Him in the Heavenly Jerusalem. c. Glory: for he deserves to be united with the Heavenly Groom! 5.Love: “Whom having not seen you love. Though now you do not see Him, yet believing you rejoice with joy 15 inexpressible and full of glory” (v. 8). We do not see what we are going to be like, yet we believe hoping for the eternal glory; therefore, we love God and rejoice because of His work in us. We love the revelation of Jesus Christ where our corruptible body carries incorruptibility, and the soul sees her Heavenly Groom face to face. This is the end of our faith and “the salvation of our souls.” As St. Augustine said7, “The apostle says here that we are saved through the new birth, yet he declares in another place that ‘For we were saved in this hope, but hope that is seen is not hope; for why does one still hope for what he sees? But if we hope for what we do not see, then we eagerly wait for it with perseverance’” (Rom. 8:24, 25). St. Peter said a similar statement: “Though now you do not see Him, yet believing you rejoice with joy inexpressible and full of glory, receiving the end of your faith, the salvation of your souls” (v. 8 & 9). Since this time is the time of faith, the reward of faith is the salvation of our souls, and this faith works with love (Gal. 5:16), then one should not doubt that these days will come to an end. At the end we shall receive the reward, not only the salvation of our bodies, which St. Paul had talked about in Romans 8: 23, but also the salvation of our souls, as St. Peter said. This present age will end; therefore, we rely on hope more so than on focusing on receiving the reward. We have to remember that though our inner man, which is the soul, is renewed day by day (2 Cor. 4:16), yet while we wait on eternity for the body and salvation of our souls, we say we are saved because of the deposit, which we have received here on Earth. We consider all matters, which the Only Begotten Son has heard from the Father and which we hope to obtain in the future, even-though the Lord has declared these things as though we have already received them. This yearning for the heavens and the longing for the eternal salvation is: 7 N. & P. N. Frs, p. 323. 16 1. The subject of the prophecy of the prophets. 17 2. The subject of the preaching of the Gospel. 3.The subject of the amazement of the heavenly creatures. 1. The subject of the prophecy of the prophets: They desired eternity through love and the Holy Spirit. “The Spirit of Christ” has granted them prophesy about the salvation. St. Peter said, “Of this salvation the prophets have inquired and searched diligently, who prophesied of the grace that would come to you, searching what, or what manner of time, the Sprit of Christ who was in them was indicating when He testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ and the glories that would follow” (v.10 & 11). They looked and searched for it, and it was the proof of love. The Spirit of Christ has granted them to testify for the eternity for the glories are related to the sufferings of Christ, for there is no salvation without the shedding of blood. The cross, to which the fathers and prophets testified, was the center of the symbols and prophecies, for the Lord said, “Your father Abraham rejoiced to see My day and he saw it and was glad” (John 8:56). They saw it in a surpassing way; they saw the sufferings. Here, the apostle mentions the sufferings in the plural form to reveal their intensity and abundance. Also, St. Peter mentioned the glories in the plural form because as the sufferings abound likewise do the glories. Here there is an inner longing for the soul to carry the sufferings of Christ without grumbling in order to participate in the glories. This is the meaning of true love. 2. The subject of the preaching of the Gospel: Since the prophets loved the Lord through the shadows of prophecies and desired to see the cross of the Lord and His glories, how much more should we love Him since He did all that for our sake? “To them it was revealed that, not to themselves, but to us they were ministering the things which now have been reported to you through those who have preached the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven” (v. 12). In the fullness of time, we preach about the things that the prophets desired to see. Here, St. Peter states that the prophets were ministering, 18 that is, it was a matter of ministry and humility and not pride. 3. The subject of the amazement of the heavenly creatures: “...things which angels desire to look into” (v. 12). Love is one of the traits of the angels too: that is why they desire to see the salvation of man. Their desire is not mere curiosity but rather sharing and longing for man’s repentance. (Luke 15:10). God’s great work with us is the subject of the amazement of the angels and their praises to the Creator! Second: Strife and Work: Since we look toward God’s salvation for us, believing in Him, hoping for the inheritance, for love and for eternity, what do we do now? 1. “Therefore, gird up the loins of your mind, be sober...” (v.13). St. Peter is waking up the bride to meet her Groom repeating the call three times: “be sober, be watchful, be sober “(ch. 4:7; 5:8), so she may be always ready for her Groom girding up her loins! St. Peter adapted this comparison from what the travelers used to do. They used to gird their loins because their clothes were long, so their long clothes would not hamper them. Or he may have adapted this comparison because one rolls up his sleeves while deeply thinking on an important matter. Or he may have adapted this comparison because the fishermen used to gird their loins while walking into the water.Then, let us gird our minds with righteousness in the life of holiness resembling our Bridegroom. St. Athanasius the Apostolic said, ”Let us gird our minds resembling our Savior the Lord Jesus Christ about whom Isaiah wrote: ‘Righteousness shall be the belt of His loins, and faithfulness the belt of His waist’”(Is. 11:58). 2. ” Rest your hope fully upon the grace that is to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ” (v. 13). 8 Epistles of the Resurrection, epistle 3, p. 52 19 Watching without hope faints. Therefore, all our hope should be directed toward the glory (grace), which we shall receive when the Lord Jesus appears. May the Lord be our hope (1 Thess. 1:3), and His appearance be before our eyes because He is not far from us, but He comes to us. In the Greek script, it means that He is on the way so we may receive Him. Let our hope be “fully” in the eternity, that is, with perfection and maturity. As St. John Chrysostom said, “Certainly, hope resembles a strong rope hanging from heaven to help our spirits. Whoever holds on steadfastly to this rope is elevated above the temptations of this evil world. If one weakens and does not hold on to this hope, he will fall into the pit9.” 3. “As obedient children, not conforming yourselves to the former lusts, as in your ignorance...” (v. 14). This means that we should look forward to the reality of our splendid position as children of the Heavenly Father, who is full of goodness. As obedient children, let us not behave as we did when we were ignorant. As St. Augustine said10, “We have earthly parents who beget us on earth for struggle then death. However, we have other parents, for God is our Father and the church is our mother, who begets us for eternal life. Let us reflect on whose children are we. Let us behave accordingly in a manner fit for such a Father. We found a Father in heaven; therefore, we have to be careful in our behavior on earth. Whoever is related to such a Father as ours has to behave in a way fitting to deserve that relation and to obtain that inheritance.” How should we behave? “But as He who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, because it is written, ‘Be holy, for I am holy.’ And if you call on the Father, who without partiality judges according to each one’s work, conduct yourselves throughout the time of your sojourning here in fear” (v.15-17). St. Peter clarified the source, the incentive and the boundaries of our behavior: 9 “You will Return with greater Power” by St. John Chrysostom 10 The Lord’s Prayer , 68 ed. P. 9 20 1. Our behavior: is holiness, that is, love for heavenly matters and hatred of sin. 2. Its incentive: First: to walk according to the call with which we are called as obedient children to submit to the will of the Holy Father. As Tertullian said11, “God’s will is our sanctification (1 Thess. 4:3) for He wants us to be according to His likeness, to be holy as He is holy. (Lev. 11:44).” St. Peter puts the Day of Judgment before our eyes as an incentive for leading a life of holiness and righteousness. 3. Its source: The Holy God is our Father, and this is what Christianity is all about, that is, to realize the fatherhood of God and to enjoy it. This fatherhood is not build on partiality, but rather on God’s mercies and His justice, for He judges every one according to his deeds, without any partiality. Therefore, we should not despair for He is our Father, nor should we be negligent for He is the Judge. He is the just Father and the compassionate Judge. Thus, the apostle concerning circumcision abolished the incorrect Jewish thought that God is biased towards the Jews at the expense of the other nations. 4. Its boundaries: “In all your conduct.” In Greek, it means in all the roads of life or in every behavior; whether in silence or talk, whether in inner thoughts or in apparent acts.... Let every thing in us be sanctified for the Lord. 4. MEDITATING IN THE GREATNESS OF THE SALVATION: Since we are required to be watchful and to live in hope, obedience, holiness, and in God’s fear, then we accept the hard labor and sufferings voluntarily. The motive behind that is our continuous reflection on the greatness of the salvation, for it is: 1. Not with silver or gold 11 Tert. : On exhortation to chastity 1. 21 2.Eternal redemption! 3. It makes our faith and hope steadfast in the Father! 4. It grants us the capability of being pure. 5. It gives us the new birth. 1. Not with silver or gold: “Knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible things, like silver or gold, from your aimless conduct received by tradition from your father, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot” (v.18, 19). One pays silver or gold to free the captives of war. However, the Lord did not pay silver nor gold to redeem us from our aimless conduct, but He presented His precious blood, the sufferings which the Son of God has endured and which led to the reproach of the cross! He presented His precious blood, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot. The lamb is considered the most pure animal (Ex. 12:5, Deut. 28:3). The lamb was a symbol of the holy, harmless Lord Jesus (Heb. 7:26, John 1:29). Tertullian said: “You were bought at a price, that is with the blood. You were removed from the tyranny of the flesh to glorify God in your bodies12.” Meditating in the Cross of the Lord Jesus makes the soul yearn for sufferings, despise the riches of the world and urges her to seek the eternal glory. St. Ambrose said: “Therefore, the Cross of the Lord is my wisdom! The death of the Lord is my salvation! For we are saved with His precious blood as St. Peter said13.” He addresses the rich to reflect on that price saying: “Let no one think that a different price was paid for him because of his richness. Richness in the Church is richness in faith, for a believer has the world of riches. Do not wander for a believer owns the inheritance of Christ, who is richer than the whole world. It was said to all and not only to the rich that you were redeemed with the precious blood. If you want to be rich, obey the One who said, ‘Be holy in all your 12 Tert. : On Modesty 16. 13 On the Christian Faith 3: 5 22 conduct.’ He said, ‘Conduct yourselves throughout the time of your sojourning in fear.’ He said in fear, neither in luxury nor in pride, but in fear. You have a temporary stay here on earth, so use it wisely! 14” 2. Eternal Redemption: “He indeed was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you” (v. 20). Let us meditate on His eternal love as this redeeming act is not new. Before He created us, that is before the foundation of the world, He planned to redeem us and to pay for our rebellion. This is the reason for the joy of the true believers to realize the sacrificing love of God for them. This drives them to lovingly kiss the cross and carry Him joyfully. 3. It makes our faith and hope steadfast: “Who through Him believe in God, who raised Him from the dead and gave Him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God” (v. 21). St. Peter wanted to rebuke the heresy of Philo the Alexandrian, who said that there are two gods: one for the Old Testament, who is severe and punishes sinners, and the other of the New Testament who is gentle and compassionate with sinners. Thus, St. Peter emphasizes that what the Son did was in obedience to the Father; therefore our faith and hope in Christ are in God the Father and not separated from the Father. Christ obeyed the Father, “Though He was a Son, yet He learned obedience by the things which He suffered” (Heb. 5:8). He submitted to the will of the Father; therefore, He emptied Himself, incarnated, suffered, rose from the dead, and took the glory by the will of the Father, which is the same as the will of the Son15. 4. It grants us the capability of purification: “Since you have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit in sincere love of the brethren, love one another 14 Letter 63 15 Refer to the article “His obedience to the Father” in the book of “Divine Love”, p. 225-228. 23 fervently with a pure heart” (v.22). Let us meditate on the greatness of this salvation because He does not rob one’s freedom, but He asks one to strive. For it is written, “You have purified your souls...”; therefore, there is no salvation for anyone who does not purify himself. Obeying truth through the Holy Spirit, that is obeying the Lord Jesus Christ through the Holy Spirit, fulfills this purification. Obedience is by our will, whereby our will submits to the will of Christ, so that His purpose is fulfilled in us. Obedience requires strife and labor, and the Holy Spirit supports us in that! This obedience is summarized in our brotherly love because this is the purpose of the Lord Jesus and His commandment. St. Peter said that the brotherly love is open to all the human race: 1. Without partiality or bias. 2. “Without hypocrisy,” for it stems from inner love not from outward incentive. 3. “With a pure heart”: It has been purified with the Holy Spirit and has become pure in its purpose. 4. “Fervently,” for it is according to the love of Christ who died for us. 5. It grants us the new birth: “Having been born again, not of corruptible seed but incorruptible, through the word of God which lives and abides forever, because ‘All flesh is as grass, and the glory of man as the flower of the grass. The grass withers, and its flower falls away, but the word of the Lord endures forever’” (v. 23-25). Here, St. Peter emphasizes “the new birth.” Because through it, we enjoy the greatness of salvation, and through it, we have the right to the inheritance and are willing to joyfully go through suffering. Here, he makes a comparison between the spiritual birth and the physical birth. The spiritual birth is from an incorruptible seed. It is from the living word of God that endures forever. By word, St. Peter means: 24 1. Logos16: In other words, the Word Incarnate, for through His crucifixion, burial and resurrection, we were buried with Him in baptism so we may rise up by putting on Christ. (Gal. 3:27) 2.The word of the gospel: It focuses on the cross without which the heavenly birth would not have been existed. St. Ambrose said: “Water, after being sanctified through the mystery of the cross, becomes fit to be used in the baptismal font and the chalice of salvation. As Moses the prophet threw the rod in the well of water, likewise the priest utters on the baptismal font with the testimony of the cross so the water may become sweet due to the work of the grace17.” 16 Refer to Fr. Hepolitus, “The Refutation of all Heresies” 4: 5. 17 The Sacraments by Fr. Ambrosios, Morcos Magazine.
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